Advances in radiology

Image

X-rays

X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation. Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 0.03 to 3 nanometres, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz (3×1016 Hz to 3×1019 Hz) and energies in the range 100 eV to 200 keV. X-ray wavelengths are shorter than those of UV rays and typically longer than those of gamma rays. X-rays can penetrate the living body, thus, it is commonly used in imaging techniques to create pictures of the inside of your body.

An x-ray is an image created on photographic film or electronically on a digital system to diagnose illnesses and injuries. During this type of medical imaging procedure, an x-ray machine is used to take pictures of the inside of the body. The x-rays pass through various parts of the body to produce images of tissues, organs, and bones. The images show the parts of your body in different shades of black and white.

Medical uses

Projectional radiographs

Computed tomography

Fluoroscopy

Radiotherapy (Radiation therapy in cancer treatment)

Hazards discovered

x-rays produce ionizing radiation—a form of radiation that has the potential to harm living tissue.

An x-ray in a pregnant woman poses no known risks to the baby if the area of the body being imaged isn’t the abdomen or pelvis. In general, if imaging of the abdomen and pelvis is needed, doctors prefer to use exams that do not use radiation, such as MRI or ultrasound. However, if neither of those can provide the answers needed, or there is an emergency or other time constraint, an x-ray may be an acceptable alternative imaging option.

Children are more sensitive to ionizing radiation and have a longer life expectancy and, thus, a higher relative risk for developing cancer than adults. Parents may want to ask the technologist or doctor if their machine settings have been adjusted for children.

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