Cell manipulation is one of the most important techniques in recent biotechnology. We have proposed optically driven micro- and nanorobots in order to achieve a variety of minimally-invasive cell manipulations. The robot can be manipulated by using optical tweezers, which enables various cell manipulations, such as transportation, force application, cell surgery, or measurement of extracellular/intracellular environments. The robot can be used in cell culture dish or microfluidic chip, which provide stable and highly controllable environment and low risk of contaminations. In this chapter, we introduce recent studies on basic technologies about optically driven micro- and nanorobots and their applications for biomedical researches.

This paper presents a molecular mechanics study using a molecular dynamics software (NAMD) coupled to virtual reality (VR) techniques for intuitive bio-nanorobotic prototyping. Using simulated bio-nano environments in VR, the operator can design and characterize through physical simulation and 3D visualization the behavior of protein-based components and structures. The main novelty of the proposed simulations is based on the characterization of stiffness performances of passive joints-based proteins (α-helix deca-alanine, repressor of primer protein and immunoglobulin protein) and active joints-based viral protein motor (VPL) in their native environment. Their use as elementary bio-nanorobotic components are also simulated and the results discussed.

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