Description

Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) has been recommended as the first-line therapy for this condition. However, insomnia disorder with objective short sleep duration (ISS) phenotype is a distinct subtype from insomnia with normal sleep duration (INS) phenotype, and it may have a differential therapeutic response. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov using the PICOS principle for studies that examined the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for those with the ISS phenotype versus the INS phenotype, and identified nine studies with 612 patients with insomnia disorder. This included 270 patients with the ISS phenotype and 342 patients with the INS phenotype. The main outcome was that CBT-I had a better efficacy for the INS phenotype compared with the ISS phenotype, with about 30% higher response and about 20% higher remission. Similar results were indicated in the secondary outcomes. The therapeutic response of the ISS phenotype was significantly different from that of the INS phenotype. In the future, research is needed to clarify how to optimally treat insomnia disorder with the ISS phenotype in prospective randomized clinical trials, and to understand whether decreasing physiologic arousal will be necessary to improve results.

High psychological distress that ranges from stress reactions to anxiety and depression are prevalent among parents and caregivers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and undermine positive parenting and health outcomes. The current study sought to investigate cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in curtailing psychological distress in a sample of those parenting children with autism. We conducted the study in Enugu state, Nigeria, with 97 parents of children with ASD. Participants were randomly allocated into CBT (N = 48) and waitlist comparison (WLC) (N = 49) groups. The CBT group participated in a 120 min CBT program weekly for 12 weeks. Data were collected using Demographic Questionnaire; Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21) and Satisfaction with therapy and therapist scale- revised (STTS-R). Three data sets were collected at baseline, post-test, and follow-up. Descriptive statistics, Repeated measures Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), and t-test statistics were used to analyze the data.

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Catharina
Journal Coordinator
Journal of Annals of Behavioural Science