Long-term immunosuppressant use in renal transplant recipients leads to dampened immune function and high susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens. Recently, the incidence of human parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) infection after renal transplantation has increased, which may lead to pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), affect graft function, and lead to renal injury. After renal transplantation, the clinical manifestations of HPV-B19 infection are atypical, challenging the diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of HPV-B19 infection after renal transplantation.

To this end, we have described various aspects of HPV-B19 infection after renal transplantation ranging from the etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment, to its prevention post renal transplant.Long-term immunosuppressant use in recipients leads to dampened immune function and susceptibility to parvovirus B19. HPV-B19 infection after renal transplantation may lead to pure red cell aplasia. Diagnosis for HPV-B19 infection include serological and viral nucleic acid detection, bone marrow biopsy and mNGS. Treatment of HPV-B19 infection after renal transplantation primarily relies on IVIG and adjusting immunosuppressants.

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Mishita
Jornal co-ordinator
Journal of Clinical & Experimental Nephrology