Emergence Delirium (ED) is an essential condition in the immediate postoperative period. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials have concluded that the effect of ketamine on postoperative delirium remains unclear. The present study sought to evaluate if the intraoperative use of ketamine for postoperative analgesia is associated with postoperative ED in laparoscopic surgeries.Delirium is described as a common and multifactorial syndrome manifested by decreased attention and perception of the surrounding environment. It can also be accompanied by hallucinations, disorientation, and temporary memory loss. Emergence Delirium (ED) is an abnormal mental state that develops after the administration of anesthesia (during the transition from unconsciousness to complete wakefulness), usually limited in time.

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It is characterized by agitation, irritability, hypervigilance, and hyperactivity. It is a condition that occurs in the first 30 minutes of anesthetic recovery, with symptomatic fluctuation or lucid intervals, which often reverses in one hour. Therefore, it is crucial to distinguish ED from postoperative delirium (occurring for days) and from postoperative cognitive dysfunction (which consists of a prolonged post-surgical state of mental disorder and cognitive deterioration).

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Mishita
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Journal of General Surgery Reports