Nanotechnology for asphalt modification and incorporating nanomaterials into Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) to deal with road failure have gained popularity recently. Researchers have reported the improved performance of asphalt modified by nanomaterials but most of the study is limited to binder modification using nanomaterials. The utilization of Nanomaterials in HMA can significantly improve the performance indicators in the form of extension in pavement service life and decrease pavement distresses. The Nanomaterials reinforcement of HMA can enhance pavement performance indicators, including low and high-temperature dynamic modulus and stability and enhancement in rut resistance and stiffness modulus. Nano Materials modified is a suitable solution to improve the mechanical properties of HMA. The current study objectives focus on the experimental investigation of Nano Materials such as Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) and Nano Clay (NC) applicability in HMA. CNT and NC percentages used in HMA to the weight of bitumen are 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5% and 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%. Conventional and Nanomaterial modified asphalt mixes were subjected to performance tests such as Simple Performance Tester (SPT), Dynamic Stability and Rutting, Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR), and Resilient Modulus (MR) using UTM-25. The present study further aimed to predicting dynamic modulus of nanomaterial modified HMA through Artificial intelligence (AI) modeling using Multi Expression Programming (MEPX) and Regression modelling with validation. Results have indicated that the addition of CNT and NC has improved HMA properties such as enhancement in dynamic modulus and dynamic stability and improves stiffness, rut resistance, and moisture resistance. It has been observed that 1.5% CNT with 6% NC content by weight of bitumen in asphalt mixtures outperformed other CNT and NC percentages. Moreover, Dynamic stability and Rut resistance have been improved by 820% and 64.7%, respectively, while resilient modulus increased by 309% and moisture susceptibility has been reduced by 22.26%. Overall, the asphalt mixtures with 1.5% CNT with 6% NC content has the best results.

Nanotechnology is a cutting-edge technology that has proven beneficial in various engineering aspects. The use of nanomaterials in civil engineering has been a modern wonder. As recognised by researchers, the best utilization of nanomaterials in civil engineering is the use of nanomaterials to obtain sustainable and more durable concrete. Although significant research has been carried out in this field, variations in research outcomes have challenged scientists to comprehend nanoparticles before employing them. Different nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes, nano-silica, nano-alumina, nano-TiO₂, and others have been used. Nano-silica (nS) has been extensively used as a partial replacement for cement or as a durability enhancer in concrete. This paper reviews the effectiveness of nano-silica as SCM in developing a sustainable cement-based material (CBM). Various properties of nano-modified CBM, such as fresh and hardened state (including mechanical and durability) properties, physical properties, and microstructural properties of CBM, are rigorously reviewed in this paper. This review also looks at different ways to disperse nS particles to stop them from agglomerating together, as well as how nS particle agglomeration changes the properties of nano-modified concrete. nS is a sustainable material that reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Synergistic effect of nS and other SCM, especially agricultural waste, which can reduce carbon footprints, is also considered in this review.

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Jenny
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Journal of Nano Research & Applications