Description

Only a profound understanding of the structure and function of cells - either as single units or in the context of tissues and whole organisms - will allow a comprehension of what happens in pathological conditions or provides the means to fight disease. The Cell Biology and Infection (BCI for Biologic Cellulaire et Infection) department was created in 2002 at the Institut Pasteur in Paris to develop a research program under the umbrella of cell biology, infection biology and microbiology. Its visionary ambition was to shape a common framework for cellular microbiology, and to interface the latter with hard sciences like physics and mathematics and cutting-edge technology. This concept, ahead of time, has given high visibility to the field of cellular microbiology and quantitative cell biology, and it has allowed the successful execution of highly interdisciplinary research programs linking a molecular understanding of cellular events with disease. Now, the BCI department embraces additional pathologies, namely cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we will portray how the integrative research approach of BCI has led to major scientific breakthroughs during the last ten years, and where we see scientific opportunities for the near future.

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) use in the biomedical sciences has traditionally been used for characterization of cell and tissue surface topography. This paper demonstrates the utility of High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (HRSEM) to diagnostic pathology and cell biology ultrastructure examinations. New SEM applications based on the production of Transmission Electron Microscopy-like (TEM-like) images are now possible with the recent introduction of new technologies such as low kV Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) detectors, automated scan generators and high-resolution column configurations capable of sub-nanometre resolution. Typical specimen types traditionally imaged by TEM have been examined including renal, lung, prostate and brain tissues. The specimen preparation workflow was unchanged from that routinely used to prepare TEM tissue, apart from replacing copper grids for section mounting with a silicon substrate. These instruments feature a small footprint with little in the way of ancillary equipment, such as water chillers, and are more cost-effective than traditional TEM columns. Also, a new generation of benchtop SEMs have recently become available and have also been assessed for its utility in the tissue pathology and cell biology settings.

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With Regards

Oliver
Journal Coordinator
Global Journal of Research and Review