Description

The daily activity pattern in ruminants consists mainly of alternating foraging with bouts of resting, while other behaviors usually play a minor role in the daily activity budgets of ungulates most of the year. Interactions of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors force animals to adopt compromises to form optimal time proportions for foraging and resting to satisfy their daily energy demands. This paper considers the impact of ambient temperature, pasture conditions, body-size, and the effects of lactation and animal growth on the daily activities of goitered gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa).

The goitered gazelles’ hiding behavior may provide a possible explanation for this distinction, as other previously observed dimorphic ungulates were mainly species where fawns followed their mothers from birth. Among other influences, ambient temperature and features of their hiding behavior were the most significant factors influencing diurnal activity of goitered gazelles, while age and sex had a weaker impact on daily behaviors. Surgical excision of substernal thyroid goiters is usually achieved through a conventional transcervical approach, and transthoracic excision is rarely necessary. Currently, there are no clear guidelines for substernal thyroid goiters that may require a transthoracic approach. This study examined what preoperative factors were significantly associated with transthoracic surgical excision for substernal thyroid goiters. Systemic amyloidosis is a rare but potentially lethal disease characterized by amyloid accumulation in all organs. Amyloid goiter is an extremely rare pathological lesion characterized by thyroid gland enlargement with fat deposition due to local or systemic amyloidosis. A 60 s woman with rheumatoid arthritis was found unconscious on her bed and declared dead after failed cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Postmortem computed tomography showed severe enlargement of the heart and thyroid glands, suggestive of cardiac hypertrophy and thyroidism. Histological examination revealed amorphous eosinophilia deposits with parenchymal cell destruction in all organs, including the heart and thyroid gland. Abnormal amorphous deposits in the tissues were positive for amyloid A as noted upon Congo red immunohistochemical staining and birefringence microscopy, confirming systemic amyloidosis with amyloid goiter. Serum biochemical analysis revealed increased levels of C-reactive protein; anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody; creatinine kinase-myoglobin binding and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; and thyroglobulin, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine, indicating systemic inflammation, active rheumatoid arthritis, heart failure, and destructive hyperthyroidism, respectively.

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With Regards
Hitoshi

Journal Coordinator
Journal of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility